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Aniceto Ortega
Aniceto de los Dolores Luis Gonzaga Ortega del Villar (17 April 1825 – 17 November 1875) was a Mexican physician, composer, and pianist. Although he had a distinguished career as a physician and surgeon,〔Elías (2007) p. 140. Quote: "Dr. Aniceto Ortega (1825-1875), médico innovador, patriota, nacionalista, poeta humanista, músico y compositor, además de distinguido cirujano, partero y docente de la propia Escuela de Medicina" (Dr. Aniceto Ortega (1825-1875), pioneering physician, patriot, nationalist, humanist poet, musician and composer as well as a distinguished surgeon, obstetrician, and professor at the () Medical School)〕 he is also remembered today for his 1871 opera ''Guatimotzin'', one of the earliest Mexican operas to use a native subject.〔Grout (2003) p. 561〕
==Biography==
Aniceto Ortega was born in Tulancingo, Hidalgo, on 17 April 1825, the second of three sons born to Francisco Ortega and MarÍa Josefa del Villar. His father was a statesman active in the Mexican independence movement and a prominent literary figure, who wrote the patriotic verse drama ''México libre'' (''Free Mexico'').〔Sierra (1985) pp. 140-141)〕 Both Ancieto and his older brother, Francisco, studied medicine at the Escuela Nacional de Medicina in Mexico City. There he specialised in obstetrics and gynaecology and received his degree in 1845. After further medical studies in Paris, he went on to become a professor at the medical school in Mexico City and was one of the founders (and later Director) of Mexico's first hospital for women and children, the ''Casa de Maternidad e Infancia''.〔Elías (2007), pp. 140 and 142〕
Ortega also had a parallel career as a musician. His first composition the ''Marcha Zaragoza'' (1862), was named for the Mexican patriot and general, Ignacio Zaragoza, and became Mexico's second national anthem.〔Stevenson〕 He composed two other marches, ''Potosina'' and ''Republicana'' and several piano pieces, most notably ''Invocación a Beethoven'', first performed in 1867. In 1866, he became one of the founders of the ''Sociedad Filarmónica Mexicana'' (Mexican Philharmonic Society) which played a crucial role in the establishment of Mexico's National Conservatory of Music.〔 His opera, ''Guatimotzin'', a romanticised account of the defense of Mexico by its last Aztec emperor, Cuauhtémoc, was one of the earliest Mexican operas to use a native subject.〔 ''Guatimotzin'' premiered on 13 September 1871 at the Gran Teatro Nacional in Mexico City, with Ángela Peralta and Enrico Tamberlik in the leading roles.
Aniceto Ortega died at the age of 50 on 17 November 1875 in Mexico City and was buried in the chapel of the Escuela Nacional de Medicina.〔Sosa (2005)〕 The central plaza in Pachuca, Hidalgo, bears his name.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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